Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Given the significant impact of thyroid function on body weight, energy metabolism and adipocytes physiology, our aim was to study the impact of subclinical thyroid dysfunction in plasmatic levels of adipokines and ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule 1).Methods: We evaluated 98 patients with autoimmune thyroid disease divided into three groups: 30 who were euthyroid (TSH=0.35–4.94 UI/ml), 35 with subclinical hypothyroidism (hypoSC,...

Introduction: The diagnosis of Cushing’s syndrome is often challenging considering that none of the used laboratory tests has an ideal diagnostic accuracy. The complexity of the diagnosis increases in cyclic disorder, which is characterized by repeated episodes of cortisol excess followed by periods of normal cortisol secretion.Case report: A 32-year-old woman with history of arterial hypertension and obesity presented with weight gain, hirsutism, a...

Background: The key physiologic defences against hypoglycaemia are the decrease in insulin and the increased secretion of glucose counterregulatory hormones, namely glucagon and epinephrine. The absence of warning signs of impending neuroglycopenia is known as hypoglycaemic unawareness.Case report: Male, 26 year-old, without relevant medical history and with normal body mass index, presented with hypertension, palpitations and diaphoresis. Clinical suspi...

Background: Transphenoidal surgery is still the best initial therapy for Cushing’s disease (CD), with a high probability of cure and few risks or complications. However, pharmacotherapy has a role as primary or adjunctive therapy: when surgery is delayed, in case of postoperative persistence or recurrence of hypercortisolism, or while waiting for radiotherapy effectiveness. Ketoconazole, a steroidogenesis inhibitor, is nowadays the main drug used to CD control by reducing...

Introduction: Cushing’s disease (CD) presents a marked female preponderance, with a female-to-male ratio of 3–8:1, but whether this skewed gender distribution has any relevance to the presentation and outcomes of CD is not well understood.Aim: To evaluate sex-related differences in the presentation of CD, as regards: biochemical indices of hypercortisolism; complications of disease and outcomes.Methods: Observational, ret...

Introduction: Immunossupression is a possible consequence of hypercortisolism, putting these patients in a state of increased risk of infections.Case report: Female, 19 years old. In July 2014 she seek for medical care because she became feverish and developed an erythematous rash on her face/trunk with subsequent widespread to the entire body. She was admitted in the ICU with the diagnosis of severe varicella with acute cholestatic hepatitis and conflue...

Introduction: Cushing’s Disease results of corticotrophin (ACTH) hypersecretion from pituitary which increases cortisol production. WHO classified pituitary tumors as typical adenoma, atypical adenoma and carcinoma. Diagnostic criteria for an atypical adenoma include invasive growth, elevated mitotic index, Ki-67 labeling index greater than 3% and extensive p53 immunoreactivity.Case Report: Sixty-eight years-old man presented to our consult with his...

Introduction: Plasma glucose concentration at 1h(1hPG) during an oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT) may be a better predictor of future diabetes mellitus(DM) than 2-h post load glucose concentration(2hPG). HIV-infected individuals may have differential risk of DM compared to the general population, and the optimal diagnosis algorithm for DM in HIV-infected persons remain unclear. We evaluated the agreement of the methods 1 hPG vs 2 hPG) for the diagnosis of pre-D...

Introduction: Cushing’s syndrome (CS) is a well-known cause of bone loss and osteoporotic fractures, which may be the initial manifestation of the disease and may present 2 years before CS diagnosis. Trabecular bone is usually the most seriously affected, and vertebrae and ribs are the typical fracture locations.Case report: A 37-year-old man with dyslipidemia and obesity was observed due to uncontrolled hypertension and osteoporosis. He complained ...

Introduction: Germ cell tumors (GCTs) are classified as extragonadal if there is no evidence of a primary tumor in the gonads. They typically occur in the midline structures. Newly diagnosed adult cases of pituitary or pineal glands germinomas are very rare since most of the cases are diagnosed in the mid teens, presenting 14:1, on behalf of the male gender. The estimated incidence of this tumor in western countries is between 0.4–3.4%, being more frequent in the Asia.</p...